Commutative Property
This property states that you can add or multiply numbers in any order.
- For example, 3 + 5 = 5 + 3.
- Similarly, 4 x 7 = 7 x 4.
Associative Property
When you are only adding or multiplying, you can group any of the numbers together.
- For example, (2 + 4) + 6 = 2 + (4 + 6).
- Similarly, (3 x 6) x 9 = 3 x (6 x 9).
- When adding, look for ways to regroup to get sums that are multiples of 10.
- When multiplying, look for ways to regroup to get products that are multiples of 10.
Distributive Property
When you’re multiplying a number times a sum, there are 2 ways you can simplify.
- You can find the sum first, then multiply. For example, 5 x (4 + 2) = 5 x 6 = 30
- You can multiply each number in the sum, then add. For example, 5 x (4 + 2) = (5 x 4) + (5 x 2) = 20 + 10 = 30
Evaluate the Expressions
Use the properties above to make your work simpler!
1) 14 + 7 + 16 + 23
2) 6 + 21 + 14 + 9
3) 2 x 32 x 10
4) 5 x 12 x 2
5) 8 x 32
6) 4 x 57
7) 4(2 + 3) This is four times two plus three.
8) 5(8+9)
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